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Lecturer(s)
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Šlechta Jiří, Ing. Ph.D.
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Velemínský Jan, prof. Ing. CSc.
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Kopecký Aleš, doc. RNDr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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Topics of seminars according to weeks: 1st week: Introduction, basic fluid properties: compressibility, expansibility, extensibility. Statics of fluids ? fluid pressure, Euler´s static equation, pressure and pressure level equation including potencial formulation, Pascal´s law and its application. 2nd week: Incompressible and compressible liquid in gravitational field, relative balance of liquids in containers under external acceleration. 3rd week: Liquid force acting on plane and curved surface, determination of hydrostatic centre, force acting on floating body - Archimedean principle. 4th week: Floating body stability. Introduction into fluid dynamics, classification of Newton flows according to viscosity, compressibility, stationarity, effective particles and geometric arrangement. Eulerian and Lagrangian flow descriptions. 5th week: Trajectories and streamlines. Momentum and continuity equation for flow tube. Viscous flow ? molecular and molar viscosity. 6th week: Laminar, transition and turbulent flow in a tube, dependence on Reynolds number. Normal and shear stress in fluid, their generalisation into stress tensor. 7th week: Navier-Stokes momentum equation, continuity equation of 3-D flows - mathematical and physical properties. 8th week: Theory of similarity in mechanics of fluids. Derivation of similarity criteria from basic partial differential equations. Production of criteria equations. 9th week: Simplification of the Navier-Stokes equation into Bernoulli one in different forms valid for inviscid and viscous flows, for incompressible and compressible ones. Solution of some examples. 10th week: Total, static and dynamic pressure and pneumatic instruments for their measurement. Liquid outflow through a small orifice into surrounding air, outflow through a short cylindrical adapter ? arising and explanation of cavitation. 11th week: Further outflow cases: submerged orifice, large hole in liquid container, water overflow and imperfect overflow. Outflow time calculation and time determination of liquid level equalisation in connected vessels. 12th week: Linear momentum equation and its technical applications: forces acting on moving blades, power output of radial turbine, function of centrifugal pump or compressor. 13th week: Laminar and turbulent velocity profiles in tubes. Local and friction pressure losses, hydraulic smooth and rough surfaces, Prandtl´s function of roughness.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Seminar classes
- Contact hours
- 26 hours per semester
- Preparation for comprehensive test (10-40)
- 26 hours per semester
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| prerequisite |
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| Knowledge |
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| využívat základní znalosti z matematiky, zejména z oblasti diferenciálního počtu |
| využívat teoretické znalosti z oboru mechanika tekutin, termomechanika, mechanika tuhých těles a pružnost a pevnost na konkrétní praktické řešení |
| Skills |
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| aplikovat samostatně získané teoretické znalosti na konkrétní praktické řešení |
| provádět jednoduché fyzikální experimenty |
| learning outcomes |
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| Knowledge |
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| znát základní vlastnosti neproudících a proudících tekutin a metody jejich vyšetření |
| popsat a vysvětlit jednoduché úlohy výpočtově a experimentálně |
| rozšířit a prohloubit znalosti z mechaniky tekutin |
| Skills |
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| ovládat principy matematického popisu složitějších problémů proudění, které jsou jádrem komerčních programů v oboru mechanika tekutin a na základě toho fundovaně s nimi pracovat a ověřovat pravdivost výsledků |
| řešit jednoduché praktické příklady zejména z oblasti statiky a jednorozměrného proudění |
| zvolit správný zjednodušený matematický model pro daný fyzikální problém |
| teaching methods |
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| Knowledge |
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| Seminar classes |
| assessment methods |
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| Skills demonstration during practicum |
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Recommended literature
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Linhart, Jiří. Mechanika tekutin I. 2. vyd. Plzeň : Západočeská univerzita v Plzni, 2009. ISBN 978-80-7043-766-7.
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Noskievič, Jaromír. Mechanika tekutin. 1. vyd. Praha : SNTL, 1987.
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